A sleep disorder is characterized by an alteration in the normal pattern of sleep enough to interfere with the normal functioning of an individual. Sleep disorders are broadly classified as primary sleep disorders such as dyssomnias, hypersomnia, and parasomnias, and secondary due to medical and mental disorders such as anxiety or substance abuse. We report the case of a 12-year-old boy who presented to us with episodic hypersomnolence, hyperphagia, and behavioral abnormalities and was initially managed as epilepsy at another hospital. He was subsequently diagnosed as primary sleep disorder, Kleine–Levin syndrome. We also describe the diagnostic approach to such a case and the crucial role of functional brain imaging in it.

Shreya Chauhan obtained her MBBS from LLRM Medical College, Meerut, India. She then completed her post graduation in pediatrics from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi. Given her keen interest in gastrology, she is currently pursuing fellowship in pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition from Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Delhi. During her residency days, she was involved in numerous research projects, audits and quality improvement projects. She has authored several publications also. She is an active member of professional organizations, including IAP and ISPGHAN.